Tuesday, 21 December 2010

Title Sequence - Love Actually (2003)

Love Actually is a Romcom however I will look more indepth to see how the conventions of Romance are introduced in the title sequence.

In terms of film conventions, it begins with the production companies images




Then there is footage of people hugging in Heathrow, showing the film is about love and care. This clip isn't really 'part of the movie', nor is the voice over.

 The beginning also includes credits with the institution and production companies. There is then also the voice over which shows it is about love and care, which is when they also introduce the title of the film. The quote is:

"Whenever I get gloomy with the state of the world, I think about the arrivals gate at Heathrow Airport. General opinion's starting to make out that we live in a world of hatred and greed, but I don't see that. It seems to me that love is everywhere. Often, it's not particularly dignified or newsworthy, but it's always there - fathers and sons, mothers and daughters, husbands and wives, boyfriends, girlfriends, old friends. When the planes hit the Twin Towers, as far as I know, none of the phone calls from the people on board were messages of hate or revenge - they were all messages of love. If you look for it, I've got a sneaking suspicion... love actually is all around."

 The credits go over the film. The more famous actors, have their names alone (such as Alan Rickman and Colin Firth) Colin Firth has connotations of being a good 'romance actor' because of his popularity at the BBC adaption of Pride and Prejudice in 1995. The actors and actresses are mostly all British, especially the ones given separate credits.This helps set the scene as the action takes place in London. 

 We also have different shots introducing us to the characters that we will be following throughout the story. We have an idea on background of the characters. For example we see that Liam Neeson's character has recently been widowed and we have expectations that his plot line will be him either finding a new love or coming to terms with his wife's death. 
 The fact the story is based around christmas could be a link to the romance genre. Christmas is a time of giving gifts to those you love or spending time with loved ones. The audience will expect happy family moments (which the film subverts slightly in the storyline of Emma Thompson/Alan Rickmans character.) 


The audience also expects love to be heavily involved because in the opening sequence we also have the introduction of a wedding. Incidentally, it has almost a 'red herring' subsitute in terms of comedy as it introduces the wedding with the best man and the groom standing together. When I first watched it, I thought it was a gay couple until they started talking. Whether this was incidental or not, I don't know.


The credits also include: Casting, Music/Music Supervisor, Co-producers, Hair & Make-up, Costume, Line Producer, Production designer, Director of Photography, Editor, Producers and the Writer/Director. 

In this case, the writer/director was very important. Richard Curtis directed and wrote the screenplay for this film. He is heavily connotated with comedies such as Blackadder and Vicar of Dibley. He, too, is British. This film targets British audiences heavily, showing the best of british talent.

Casting may be important here because the cast is majorly the 'Prides of Britain'. Music is important because it determines the mood of the film and most films, including Romance, determine on music to create the mood (in the case the mood of love/happiness)

Title Sequence - Grease (1977)

Although a famous musical, Grease is also famous for telling the love story between T-Bird Danny Zuko and Good Girl Sandy.

The beginning of the film is the image of the media insitution - Paramount Pictures
It then has a bit of the film. This is important as it conveys the romance genre with the romantic sunset and the appearance of the two leads; Danny and Sandy. This introduces the fact that it was supposed to be a 'summer romance' but had resulted in a relationship. (This is done through speech) 

Romance is built up because the song 'Love is a Splendid thing' plays in the background as waves crash against the beach. This introduces the idea of the summer romance and then we see a sunset image with two silhouettes. 



The real title sequence falls more into the 1st bullet point I stated below. It is in the format of a cartoon/drawing that depicts each character and their personalities. The male lead is introduced first.










The picture on the left shows the stereotypical teenage boys room, a mess. He has 'bed hair' and there is a flag with the school name on at his bed which suggests he supports the school. To the right we get a cartoon image of the character. We're given only his first name, perhaps so we can build a relationship with the character. John Travolta at this time was just becoming famous, having been in TV Series and a couple of movies so he was known enough.

The second character introduced is the female lead. I'm slightly surprised because Olivia Newton-John was more famous than John at this point and maybe she should've gone first however she had had a few 'flops' just previous to this film. There is a big contrast between Danny's images and Sandy's images which could show an obstacle to their relationship. 









Sandy is portrayed as very graceful, kind. They use an image similarly seen in 'Snow White' where the animals flock around her, showing her 'friendly aura'.

The title sequence also gives the audience a reference to the time in which it was set. It is set in the 50's, twenty years prior to the film and this reference was needed. For example there were neo-Nazis and Martin Luther King Jnr/Civil Rights
The film is set slightly around a car (Grease Lightning) so a lot of the credits are given on billboards as cars drive passed. The Main supporting actors are given grouped credits (excluding Stockard Channing and Jeff Conaway who were quite famous at this time). 



 





The credits include : Music, Producers, The Title, Choreographer, Edited By,Director of Photography, Director, 'Based on', Screenplay, adapted by, Production design.

Music, Choreographer, 'based on' and Adapted by are vital here because it's a musical. Since mine is not a musical, they will not be heavily depended on.

Thursday, 16 December 2010

The different types of Title Sequence.

1. Separate credit/ title sequence
2.     Titles appear over the images as narrative plays
3.     Film (blackscreen with credit) film (credit) etc.
(There are ofcourse films that don't have opening credits, such as Time Travellers Wife and Stardust. The credits are left until the end.)

The first one could be seen mainly in TV shows, where the title sequence does not feature in the actual movie. 

The film Se7en (find analysis below) would fall into the second category/third as some of the titles appear in the actual image and other on a black screen. 


The Dawn of the Dead is an example of the third section. 
I will now analyse different Romance films to see the credits included in a romance film, the type of title sequence and what is involved in the title sequence that introduces the genre, plot, characters etc.

Thursday, 9 December 2010

Title Sequences



Editing

  • Jump Cuts - creates a psychotic impression of the character, who we never see the face of. 
  • Visual Effects - Ghosting. This emphasises the strange character and the genre of the film. 
  • Colours - Dark, black/white, little contrast. 
Titles
  • Director of Photography (Visual film)
  • Production Company (shows it's an Independent Film)
  • Actors/Actresses (Famous ones; Brad Pitt, Gwenyth Paltrow to name two)
Music
  • Discorded, squeaky, sinister "Nine Inch Nails - Closer"
Camera shots
  • ECUs - We don't see the face of the person, letting us know we shouldn't relate to them. We see dirty fingers and visual clues towards the character.

What does the audience expect from the text?

Survey:
Do you expect a happy ending or tragedy?

Happy Ending (17)    Tragic  (3)

Which season do you think is best for romance?

Spring  (3)     Summer (5)    Winter  (5)  Autumn  (5)  Don't know (2)

How old should the main characters be?

15-17 (6)   18-25  (6)    26-35  (4)    36-50 (3)    50+ (1)

Do you prefer a charming male or a couple that clash (Bennet and Darcy)? ]

Charming  (6)     Clash  (6)      Don't Mind (8)

Whose perspective should the film be from?

Girls (9)  Boys (0)  Mixture (11)

After conducting this small survey, I've found out that when watching a romance film my target audience expect:

  • A Happy Ending
  • A Season depending on plot *
  • Characters slightly older/same age as themselves (18-25 was most)
  • They don't really mind about the type of relationship
  • From both the girl's and boy's perspective

* They suggested: 
Summer - Teenage relationship
Winter - A Tragic relationship
Autumn/Spring- 

Thursday, 2 December 2010

Who is the target audience of the text?

Women; teenage girls; little girls (Fairytales). 

Looking at my research, most romance films look at the relationship from the woman's point of view. The males are either perfectly charming, or perfectly stubborn which may not be able to target the male audiences. Emotions that are displayed in the romance genre, are not conventionally enjoyed by men (males stereotypically do not like publically sharing emotions)  Fairytales (Lady and the Tramp; Beauty and the Beast; Sleeping Beauty) are forms of romance that are targeted towards children, showing innocent love. 

Most romance films are PG to 18. The films go up in certificate depending on the 'sexual' natures of the films. Sleepless in Seattle, for example, is a PG however I think it's aimed more towards adults because of the adult leads. Twilight, a 12, is a romance film that is targeted towards teenagers as opposed to adults. We see this by the age of the lead characters. 

Target Audience Questions

Four Golden Questions
1. Who is the target audience of the text?

2. What does the audience expect from the text?

3. How does the text appeal to or cater for the target audience?

4. To what extent does the target audience feel the text is successful in targeting them?



In the next two blogs, I'll answer the first two questions looking at the romance genre.